feat: P1 学习技能包 — 可组合技能模块系统

后端:
- SkillsModule (service + controller)，8 个预置技能
- GET /skills (支持 category/difficulty/search 过滤)
- GET /skills/:id /categories /difficulties

前端:
- /skills 技能市场 — 分类/难度/搜索过滤
- /skills/[id] 技能详情 — system prompt、练习任务、starter
- header 导航新增「技能」入口
- sandbox page 改为从 API 加载技能（替代硬编码 SCENES）
- 支持 ?skill=xxx 直接加载指定技能
- useSearchParams Suspense 包装

全栈: 70 pages / 92 tests 全部通过

frontend/src/app/sandbox/page.tsx

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 'use client';
 
-import { useState, useRef, useEffect, FormEvent } from 'react';
+import { useState, useRef, useEffect, FormEvent, Suspense } from 'react';
 import Link from 'next/link';
+import { useSearchParams } from 'next/navigation';
 import { useAuth } from '@/lib/auth-context';
 import { getToken, apiFetch } from '@/lib/auth';
-import { AVAILABLE_MODELS, DEFAULT_MODEL } from '@/lib/models';
+import { DEFAULT_MODEL } from '@/lib/models';
 import { ModelSelector } from '@/components/ui/model-selector';
 import { useT } from '@/i18n';
 
@@ -35,18 +36,30 @@ function extractCodeBlocks(content: string): string[] {
   return blocks;
 }
 
-function sceneName(t: any, id: string) {
-  return ({ general: t.sandbox.sceneGeneral, coding: t.sandbox.sceneCoding, writing: t.sandbox.sceneWriting, study: t.sandbox.sceneStudy, english: t.sandbox.sceneEnglish } as Record<string, string>)[id]
+export default function SandboxPageWrapper() {
+  return (
+    <Suspense fallback={
+      <div className="max-w-6xl mx-auto px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8 py-8">
+        <div className="h-8 w-48 bg-muted rounded-lg animate-pulse mb-4" />
+        <div className="h-[65vh] bg-muted rounded-2xl animate-pulse" />
+      </div>
+    }>
+      <SandboxPage />
+    </Suspense>
+  );
 }
 
-export default function SandboxPage() {
+function SandboxPage() {
+  const searchParams = useSearchParams();
   const t = useT();
   const [messages, setMessages] = useState<Message[]>([
     { role: 'assistant', content: '你好！我是宇之然 AI 助手。你可以问我任何问题，我会尽力帮你解答。\n\n试试问我关于 AI、编程、写作、办公效率等方面的问题！' },
   ]);
   const [input, setInput] = useState('');
   const [model, setModel] = useState(DEFAULT_MODEL);
-  const [scene, setScene] = useState('general');
+  const [scene, setScene] = useState('');
+  const [SCENES, setSCENES] = useState<{ id: string; name: string; icon: string; systemPrompt: string; starters: string[] }[]>([]);
+  const [skillsLoading, setSkillsLoading] = useState(true);
   const [sending, setSending] = useState(false);
   const [showParams, setShowParams] = useState(false);
   const [temperature, setTemperature] = useState(0.7);
@@ -63,14 +76,6 @@ export default function SandboxPage() {
   const messagesContainerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const { isLoggedIn } = useAuth();
 
-  const SCENES = [
-    { id: 'general', icon: '💬', systemPrompt: '你是一个智能 AI 助手，请友好、准确地回答用户的问题。', starters: ['介绍一下你自己', '今天天气怎么样', '讲个笑话'] },
-    { id: 'coding', icon: '💻', systemPrompt: '你是一名资深软件工程师，擅长编程教学。请用清晰的代码示例和通俗的语言解释技术概念。回答时优先提供可运行的代码。', starters: ['用 Python 写一个二分查找', 'React 和 Vue 有什么区别', '帮我 Debug 这段代码'] },
-    { id: 'writing', icon: '✍️', systemPrompt: '你是一名专业的写作顾问，擅长各类文体写作。请根据用户需求提供高质量的文字内容，注意逻辑清晰、表达准确。', starters: ['帮我写一篇产品介绍', '润色这段文字', '写一封工作邮件'] },
-    { id: 'study', icon: '📚', systemPrompt: '你是一名耐心且知识渊博的老师。请用通俗易懂的方式解释复杂概念，善用类比和例子，鼓励用户深入提问。', starters: ['解释什么是机器学习', '讲一下 TCP/IP 协议', '怎么理解量子计算'] },
-    { id: 'english', icon: '🌍', systemPrompt: 'You are an English tutor. Help users improve their English. Respond primarily in Chinese but provide English examples. Correct grammar and offer better expressions.', starters: ['"However" 和 "Although" 的区别', '帮我翻译这段话', '检查语法错误'] },
-  ];
-
   useEffect(() => {
     const tk = getToken();
     if (tk) {
@@ -83,6 +88,19 @@ export default function SandboxPage() {
     }
   }, [isLoggedIn]);
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    fetch(`${API_BASE}/skills`)
+      .then(r => r.json())
+      .then(data => {
+        const scenes = (data.items || []).map((s: any) => ({ id: s.id, name: s.name, icon: s.icon, systemPrompt: s.systemPrompt, starters: s.starters }));
+        setSCENES(scenes);
+        const skillParam = searchParams.get('skill');
+        const initialScene = scenes.find((s: any) => s.id === skillParam) ? skillParam : (scenes[0]?.id || '');
+        setScene(initialScene);
+      })
+      .finally(() => setSkillsLoading(false));
+  }, []);
+
   useEffect(() => {
     if (messages.some(m => m.role === 'user') && messagesContainerRef.current) {
       messagesContainerRef.current.scrollTop = messagesContainerRef.current.scrollHeight;
@@ -102,8 +120,9 @@ export default function SandboxPage() {
 
   function handleSceneChange(sceneId: string) {
     setScene(sceneId);
+    const s = SCENES.find(x => x.id === sceneId);
     setMessages([
-      { role: 'assistant', content: `欢迎来到 **${sceneName(t, sceneId)}** 模式！试试下面的问题，或者直接输入你的问题吧。` },
+      { role: 'assistant', content: `欢迎来到 **${s?.name || sceneId}** 模式！试试下面的问题，或者直接输入你的问题吧。` },
     ]);
   }
 
@@ -195,8 +214,9 @@ export default function SandboxPage() {
   function newChat() {
     setConversationId(crypto.randomUUID());
     setCurrentSessionId(null);
+    const s = SCENES.find(x => x.id === scene);
     setMessages([
-      { role: 'assistant', content: `欢迎来到 **${sceneName(t, scene)}** 模式！试试下面的问题，或者直接输入你的问题吧。` },
+      { role: 'assistant', content: `欢迎来到 **${s?.name || scene}** 模式！试试下面的问题，或者直接输入你的问题吧。` },
     ]);
   }
 
@@ -332,7 +352,7 @@ export default function SandboxPage() {
                     : 'bg-card text-muted-foreground border-border hover:border-brand-400 hover:text-foreground'
                 }`}>
                 <span>{s.icon}</span>
-                <span>{sceneName(t, s.id)}</span>
+                <span>{s.name}</span>
               </button>
             ))}
           </div>

frontend/src/app/skills/[id]/client.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+'use client';
+
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import Link from 'next/link';
+import { useParams } from 'next/navigation';
+import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui/skeleton';
+import { useT } from '@/i18n';
+
+const API_BASE = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL || 'http://localhost:3000/api/v1';
+
+interface SkillTask { label: string; prompt: string }
+interface Skill {
+  id: string; name: string; description: string; icon: string;
+  category: string; difficulty: string; systemPrompt: string;
+  starters: string[]; tasks: SkillTask[]; tags: string[];
+  prerequisites?: string[];
+}
+
+export default function SkillDetailPage() {
+  const params = useParams();
+  const t = useT();
+  const [skill, setSkill] = useState<Skill | null>(null);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!params.id) return;
+    fetch(`${API_BASE}/skills/${params.id}`)
+      .then(r => r.json())
+      .then(data => { if (data.id) setSkill(data); })
+      .finally(() => setLoading(false));
+  }, [params.id]);
+
+  if (loading) return (
+    <div className="max-w-4xl mx-auto px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8 py-12">
+      <Skeleton className="h-8 w-48 mb-6" />
+      <Skeleton className="h-64 rounded-2xl" />
+    </div>
+  );
+
+  if (!skill) return (
+    <div className="max-w-4xl mx-auto px-4 py-20 text-center">
+      <p className="text-muted-foreground">技能不存在</p>
+      <Link href="/skills" className="text-brand-600 hover:underline text-sm mt-4 inline-block">返回技能库</Link>
+    </div>
+  );
+
+  return (
+    <div className="max-w-4xl mx-auto px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8 py-12">
+      <Link href="/skills" className="text-sm text-muted-foreground hover:text-brand-600 mb-4 inline-block">
+        &larr; {t.skills.title}
+      </Link>
+
+      <div className="bg-card rounded-2xl border border-border p-6 mb-6">
+        <div className="flex items-start gap-4 mb-4">
+          <span className="text-4xl">{skill.icon}</span>
+          <div className="flex-1">
+            <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-foreground">{skill.name}</h1>
+            <p className="text-muted-foreground mt-1">{skill.description}</p>
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mt-3">
+              <span className={`text-xs px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${
+                skill.difficulty === 'beginner' ? 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' :
+                skill.difficulty === 'intermediate' ? 'bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-700' :
+                'bg-red-100 text-red-700'
+              }`}>{(t.skills as any)[skill.difficulty]}</span>
+              <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{(t.skills.categories as any)[skill.category] || skill.category}</span>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <Link href={`/sandbox?skill=${skill.id}`}
+          className="inline-flex px-5 py-2.5 bg-brand-600 text-white rounded-xl text-sm font-medium hover:bg-brand-700 transition-colors">
+          {t.skills.apply}
+        </Link>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
+        <div className="bg-card rounded-2xl border border-border p-6">
+          <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-foreground mb-3">{t.skills.starters}</h2>
+          <div className="space-y-2">
+            {skill.starters.map((q, i) => (
+              <div key={i} className="p-3 bg-muted rounded-xl text-sm text-muted-foreground">{q}</div>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div className="bg-card rounded-2xl border border-border p-6">
+          <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-foreground mb-3">{t.skills.tasks}</h2>
+          <div className="space-y-3">
+            {skill.tasks.map((task, i) => (
+              <div key={i} className="p-3 border border-border rounded-xl">
+                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-foreground mb-1">{task.label}</div>
+                <div className="text-xs text-muted-foreground font-mono">{task.prompt}</div>
+              </div>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      {skill.prerequisites && skill.prerequisites.length > 0 && (
+        <div className="mt-6 bg-card rounded-2xl border border-border p-6">
+          <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-foreground mb-3">{t.skills.prerequisites}</h2>
+          <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
+            {skill.prerequisites.map(pre => (
+              <Link key={pre} href={`/skills/${pre}`}
+                className="px-3 py-1.5 text-sm bg-muted text-foreground rounded-lg hover:bg-accent transition-colors">
+                {pre}
+              </Link>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/app/skills/[id]/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import SkillDetailClient from './client';
+
+export function generateStaticParams() {
+  const skillIds = ['general-chat', 'coding', 'writing', 'study', 'english', 'prompt-engineering', 'data-analysis', 'career'];
+  return skillIds.map(id => ({ id }));
+}
+
+export default function SkillDetailPage() {
+  return <SkillDetailClient />;
+}

frontend/src/app/skills/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+'use client';
+
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import Link from 'next/link';
+import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui/skeleton';
+import { useT } from '@/i18n';
+
+const API_BASE = process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL || 'http://localhost:3000/api/v1';
+
+interface Skill {
+  id: string; name: string; description: string; icon: string;
+  category: string; difficulty: string;
+  starters: string[]; tags: string[];
+}
+
+export default function SkillsPage() {
+  const t = useT();
+  const [skills, setSkills] = useState<Skill[]>([]);
+  const [categories, setCategories] = useState<{ id: string; name: string }[]>([]);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+  const [category, setCategory] = useState('');
+  const [difficulty, setDifficulty] = useState('');
+  const [search, setSearch] = useState('');
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    Promise.all([
+      fetch(`${API_BASE}/skills`).then(r => r.json()),
+      fetch(`${API_BASE}/skills/categories`).then(r => r.json()),
+    ]).then(([skillsData, cats]) => {
+      setSkills(skillsData.items || []);
+      setCategories(cats || []);
+    }).finally(() => setLoading(false));
+  }, []);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const params = new URLSearchParams();
+    if (category) params.set('category', category);
+    if (difficulty) params.set('difficulty', difficulty);
+    if (search) params.set('search', search);
+    fetch(`${API_BASE}/skills?${params}`)
+      .then(r => r.json())
+      .then(data => setSkills(data.items || []));
+  }, [category, difficulty, search]);
+
+  const difficulties = [
+    { id: 'beginner', name: t.skills.beginner },
+    { id: 'intermediate', name: t.skills.intermediate },
+    { id: 'advanced', name: t.skills.advanced },
+  ];
+
+  return (
+    <div className="max-w-7xl mx-auto px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8 py-12">
+      <div className="mb-8">
+        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-foreground">{t.skills.title}</h1>
+        <p className="mt-2 text-muted-foreground">{t.skills.desc}</p>
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-3 mb-8">
+        <input type="text" value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)}
+          placeholder={t.skills.search}
+          className="px-3 py-2 border border-border rounded-lg text-sm bg-background text-foreground w-48" />
+        <select value={category} onChange={e => setCategory(e.target.value)}
+          className="px-3 py-2 border border-border rounded-lg text-sm bg-background text-foreground">
+          <option value="">{t.skills.allCategories}</option>
+          {categories.map(c => <option key={c.id} value={c.id}>{(t.skills.categories as any)[c.id] || c.name}</option>)}
+        </select>
+        <select value={difficulty} onChange={e => setDifficulty(e.target.value)}
+          className="px-3 py-2 border border-border rounded-lg text-sm bg-background text-foreground">
+          <option value="">{t.skills.allDifficulties}</option>
+          {difficulties.map(d => <option key={d.id} value={d.id}>{d.name}</option>)}
+        </select>
+      </div>
+
+      {loading ? (
+        <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
+          {[1,2,3,4,5,6].map(i => <Skeleton key={i} className="h-40 rounded-2xl" />)}
+        </div>
+      ) : (
+        <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
+          {skills.map(skill => (
+            <Link key={skill.id} href={`/skills/${skill.id}`}
+              className="bg-card rounded-2xl border border-border p-6 hover:shadow-md transition-all hover:-translate-y-0.5 group">
+              <div className="flex items-start gap-3 mb-3">
+                <span className="text-2xl">{skill.icon}</span>
+                <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
+                  <h3 className="font-semibold text-foreground group-hover:text-brand-600 transition-colors">{skill.name}</h3>
+                  <p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground mt-0.5 line-clamp-2">{skill.description}</p>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-3">
+                <span className={`text-xs px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${
+                  skill.difficulty === 'beginner' ? 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' :
+                  skill.difficulty === 'intermediate' ? 'bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-700' :
+                  'bg-red-100 text-red-700'
+                }`}>
+                  {(t.skills as any)[skill.difficulty]}
+                </span>
+                <span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">{(t.skills.categories as any)[skill.category] || skill.category}</span>
+              </div>
+              <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1">
+                {skill.tags.slice(0, 3).map(tag => (
+                  <span key={tag} className="text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 bg-muted text-muted-foreground rounded">{tag}</span>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            </Link>
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/components/layout/header.tsx

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ const navItems = [
   { href: '/', label: '首页' },
   { href: '/courses', label: '专题' },
   { href: '/sandbox', label: '沙盒' },
+  { href: '/skills', label: '技能' },
   { href: '/models', label: '模型' },
   { href: '/prompts', label: '提示词' },
   { href: '/contents', label: '文章' },

frontend/src/i18n/locales/en.ts

@@ -150,6 +150,28 @@ const en: Translations = {
     three: 'Three.js',
     console: 'Console Output',
   },
+  skills: {
+    title: 'Skill Library',
+    desc: 'Composable AI learning skill modules',
+    search: 'Search skills...',
+    allCategories: 'All Categories',
+    allDifficulties: 'All Levels',
+    beginner: 'Beginner',
+    intermediate: 'Intermediate',
+    advanced: 'Advanced',
+    tasks: 'Practice Tasks',
+    starters: 'Try these questions',
+    prerequisites: 'Prerequisites',
+    apply: 'Use this skill',
+    categories: {
+      basic: 'Basic',
+      technical: 'Technical',
+      creative: 'Creative',
+      education: 'Education',
+      advanced: 'Advanced',
+      career: 'Career',
+    },
+  },
   promptWorkshop: {
     title: 'Prompt Workshop',
     desc: 'Write, test, and optimize your prompts',

frontend/src/i18n/locales/zh.ts

@@ -148,6 +148,28 @@ const zh = {
     three: '3D (Three.js)',
     console: '控制台输出',
   },
+  skills: {
+    title: '技能库',
+    desc: '可组合的 AI 学习技能模块',
+    search: '搜索技能...',
+    allCategories: '全部分类',
+    allDifficulties: '全部难度',
+    beginner: '入门',
+    intermediate: '中级',
+    advanced: '高级',
+    tasks: '练习任务',
+    starters: '试试这些问题',
+    prerequisites: '前置技能',
+    apply: '使用此技能',
+    categories: {
+      basic: '基础',
+      technical: '技术',
+      creative: '创意',
+      education: '教育',
+      advanced: '进阶',
+      career: '职业',
+    },
+  },
   promptWorkshop: {
     title: '提示词工坊',
     desc: '编写、测试、优化你的提示词',